Bonidta and I with our two favourite teachers.. (Indonesian and Accountancy)

Nasehat dari Mr. Markus

Mr. Markus Julianto (Accoutancy Teacher) ngasih nasehat ma aku:

"Tetap di jalan Tuhan Yesus. Utamakan jujur dalam segala hal." Ini yang Bapak suka dari anak didik Bapak yang bernama: Eunike Amarya..

Aku akan ingat selalu yang dikatakan Mr. Markus.. Mr. Markus, I'm gonna miss you, my favourite teacher..

.I grew up with ADHD..

Aku tumbuh dengan memiliki disability (keterbatasan) yang membuat aku berbeda dengan anak-anak yang lain. Ini membuat aku perlu mendapatkan 'perhatian yang spesial' dari orang-orang di sekeliling aku. Namun demikian, ini bukan cap mati yang membuat aku akan terus gagal. Meski terkadang aku memiliki kesulitan belajar karena sering tidak fokus, tapi aku terus mendapatkan ranking, nilai yang bagus, bahkan predikat sebagai 'anak pintar' menempel dalam diri aku. Lihat saja para ilmuwan, tidak sedikit dari mereka yang memiliki keterbatasan bahkan ada di antara mereka yang harus dikeluarkan dari sekolah. Tapi, dibalik semua keterbatasan itu, aku punya potensi yang sama dengan yang lain.

Bahkan, sekarang aku tidak sepenuhnya menderita ADHD, sebagian dari diagnosa sudah tidak ada lagi di dalam diri aku. ADHD, bisa disembuhkan kok. Hanya dengan mengubah pola hidup.  Didikan dari keluarga yang membuat aku bisa survive dari ADHD tanpa harus terapi.

ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) adalah gangguan perkembangan dalam peningkatan aktifitas motorik anak-anak hingga menyebabkan aktifitas anak-anak yang tidak lazim dan cenderung berlebihan. Ditandai dengan berbagai keluhan perasaan gelisah, tidak bisa diam, tidak bisa duduk dengan tenang, dan selalu meninggalkan keadaan yang tetap seperti sedang duduk, atau sedang berdiri. Beberapa kriteria yang lain sering digunakan adalah, suka meletup-letup, aktifitas berlebihan, dan suka membuat keributan.

Epidemiologi

Angka kejadian ADHD di seluruh dunia diperkirakan mencapai hingga lebih dari 5 %. Dimana dilaporkan lebih banyak terdapat pada laki-laki dibandingkan dengan wanita. Di amerika penelitian menunjukan kejadian ADHD mencapai hingga 7 %

Patogenesis

Beberapa penelitian belum dapat menyimpulkan penyebab pasti dari ADHD. Seperti halnya dengan gangguan perkembangan lainnya (autisme).

1. Faktor lingkungan/psikososial

a. Konflik keluarga.
b. Sosial ekonomi keluarga yang tidak memadai.
c. Jumlah keluarga yang terlalu besar.
d. Orang tua terkena kasus kriminal.
e. Orang tua dengan gangguan jiwa (psikopat).
f. Anak yang diasuh di penitipan anak.
g. Riwayat kehamilan dengan eklampsia, perdarahan antepartum, fetal distress, bayi lahir dengan berat badan lahir rendah, ibu merokok saat hamil, dan alkohol.

2. Faktor genetik

Terdapat mutasi gen pengkode neurotransmiter dan reseptor dopamin(D2 dan D4) pada kromosom 11p.

3. Gangguan otak dan metabolisme

a. Trauma lahir atau hipoksia yang berdampak injury pada lobus frontalis di otak.
b. Pengurangan volume serebrum.
c. Gangguan fungsi astrosit dalam pembentukan dan penyediaan laktat serta gangguan fungsi oligodendrosit.

Beberapa teori yang sering dikemukakan adalah hubungan antara neurotransmitter dopamine dan epinephrine. Teori faktor genetik, beberapa penelitian dilakukan bahwa pada keluarga penderita, selalu disertai dengan penyakit yang sama setidaknya satu orang dalam keluarga dekat. Orang tua dan saudara penderita ADHD memiliki resiko hingga 2- 8 x terdapat gangguan ADHD. Teori lain menyebutkan adanya gangguan disfungsi sirkuit neuron di otak yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai gangguan neurotransmitter sebagai pengatur gerakan dan control aktifitas diri.

Faktor resiko yang meningkatkan terjadinya ADHD

- Kurangnya Deteksi dini
- Gangguan pada masa kehamilan(infeksi, genetic, keracunan obat dan alkohol, rokok, dan stress psikogenik)
- Gangguan pada masa persalinan(premature, postmatur, hambatan persalinan, induksi, kelainan persalinan)

Gejala Klinis

Gejala yang timbul dapat bervariasi mulai dari yang ringan hingga yang berat, gejala ADHD sudah dapat dilihat sejak usia bayi, gejala yang harus dicermati adalah sensitif terhadap suara dan cahaya, menangis, suka menjerit dan sulit tidur. Waktu tidur yang kurang sehingga bayi seringkali terbangun. Sulit makan ASI dan minum ASI. Tidak senang digendong, suka membenturkan kepala dan sering marah berlebihan. Keluhan yang terlihat pada anak yang lebih besar adalah, tampak canggung, sering mengalami kecelakaan, perilaku berubah-ubah, gerakan konstan atau monoton, lebih ribut dibandingkan anak-anak lainnya, kurang konsentrasi, tidak bisa diam, mudah marah, nafsu makan buruk, koordinasi mata dan tangan tidak baik, suka menyakiti diri sendiri dan gangguan tidur.
Untuk mempermudah diagnosis pada ADHD harus memiliki tiga gejala utama yang nampak pada perilaku seorang anak.

3 Gejala Utama ADHD

1. Inatensi

Kurangnya kemampuan untuk memusatkan perhatian. Seperti,
a. Jarang menyelesaikan perintah sampai tuntas.
b. Mainan, dll sering tertinggal.
c. Sering membuat kesalahan.
d. Mudah beralih perhatian (terutama oleh rangsang suara).

2. Hiperaktif

Perilaku yang tidak bisa diam. Seperti,
a. Banyak bicara.
b. Tidak dapat tenang/diam, mempunyai kebutuhan untuk selalu bergerak.
c. Sering membuat gaduh suasana.
d. Selalu memegang apa yang dilihat.
e. Sulit untuk duduk diam.
f. Lebih gelisah dan impulsif dibandingkan dengan mereka yang seusia.

3. Impulsive

Kesulitan untuk menunda respon (dorongan untuk mengatakan/melakukan sesuatu yang tidak sabar). Seperti,
a. Sering mengambil mainan teman dengan paksa.
b. Tidak sabaran.
c. Reaktif.
d. Sering bertindak tanpa dipikir dahulu.

[sunting] Gejala-gejala Lain

4. Sikap menentang

seperti,
a. Sering melanggar peraturan.
b. Bermasalah dengan orang-orang yang memiliki otoritas.
c. Lebih mudah merasa terganggu, mudah marah (dibandingkan dengan mereka yang seusia).

5. Cemas

seperti,
a. Banyak mengalami rasa khawatir dan takut.
b. Cenderung emosional.
c. Sangat sensitif terhadap kritikan.
d. Mengalami kecemasan pada situasi yang baru atau yang tidak familiar.
e. Terlihat sangat pemalu dan menarik diri.

6. Problem sosial

seperti,
a. Hanya memiliki sedikit teman.
b. Sering memiliki rasa rendah diri dan tidak percaya diri.

Riwayat yang Diduga ADHD

1. Masa baby – infant

- Anak serba sulit
- Menjengkelkan
- Serakah
- Sulit tenang
- Sulit tidur
- Tidak ada nafsu makan

2. Masa prasekolah

- Terlalu aktif
- Keras kepala
- Tidak pernah merasa puas
- Suka menjengkelkan
- Tidak bisa diam
- Sulit beradaptasi dengan lingkungan

3. Usia sekolah

- Sulit berkonsentrasi
- Sulit memfokuskan perhatian
- Impulsif

4. Adolescent

- Tidak dapat tenang
- Sulit untuk berkonsentrasi dan mengingat
- Tidak konsisten dalam sikap dan penampilan

Tatalaksana

Terapi yang diberikan untuk tatalaksana pasien ADHD harus dilaksanakan secara menyeluruh, dimulai dari Edukasi dengan keluarga, terapi perilaku hingga penatalaksanaan dengan obat-obatan farmasi. Beberapa terapi yang dapat diberikan adalah,

Terapi Obat-obatan

Terapi penunjang terhadap impuls-impuls hiperaktif dan tidak terkendali, biasanya digunakan antidepresan seperti Ritalin, Dexedrine, desoxyn, adderal, cylert,buspar, dan clonidine

Terapi nutrisi dan diet

Keseimbangan diet karbohidrat protein

Terapi biomedis

Suplemen nutrisi, defisiensi mineral, dan gangguan asam amino

Terapi behaviour

Terapi cognitive behaviour untuk membantu anak dengan ADHD untuk beradaptasi skill dan memperbaiki kemampuan untuk memecahkan masalah.


sumber: http://id.wikipedia.org/

A-Z of Me

• Amarya is my last name.. It's written in the Bible (2 Chronicles 19:11).. It was a chief priest's name. I love the name..
• A Cinderella Story (Hilary Duff &Chad Michael Murray) and Another Cinderella Story (Selena Gomez and Drew Seeley) are my favourite movies..
• Andrew is my favourite disciple of Jesus..
  
• Angel.. hmm, I believe that God has sent me a guardian angel..
• Author.. I believe someday I would be an author. A famous author..
• Amen.. It's what I say after pray (of course).. Amen is one of my favourite words to do some prophetic thing and to believe in what God can make..
• August is my favourite month.. I don't know why really.. 
• Abraham Lincoln is my role model.. 
• Ashley Tisdale.. My favourite singer and actress.. I like her act as Sharpay Evans in High School Musical..
• A Series of Unfortunate Events it's my biggest lovely novel ever.. The writer is Lemony Snicket.. I've completed the series..
• American Idol is my favourite..
• "Always try your best in everything you do.. No matter what the result is, the people around you will surely appreciate it.." It's my rule of life..
• Abraham Lincoln is my inspiration figure..

•  Bible is my favourite book.. I think it's the best book ever.. It's not a fiction, it's not just a dream.. But it's God powerful words.. I love to read it.. I read it everyday..
• Baseball is my favourite sport.. I always miss to play that with my old friends in National School Buin Batu. I think it's cool to play baseball.
• Butterfly is beautiful.
• Blessings are good to have but have the Source of The Blessings is better.
• Brian Littrell is my favourite singer.. He's a boyband member in Backstreet Boys.. I like his solo in Christian songs.. Especially when he recorded In Christ Alone and I Surrender All.
• Brian McFadden is also my favourite singer.. But I felt so regret when he chose to leave Westlife.. But he's also good in solo career..
• Brenda Song is a good artist..
• Brainiac.. I'm braniac girl.
• Blogger.. I love to write in my blogger..
• Bff.. I have bff of course..
• Bonidta is one of my bffs.. She's nice and friendly.. She's always there for me when I need her..
• Boyfriend? Hmm,, it's not too easy for me to have a boyfriend.. Because I have to sure enough with him when I want to be in relationship.. It's easy to search for boyfriend but it's hard to find the right one..
• Boy bff is a good idea for me.. I love to have boy bff..
• Books.. It's the most precious treasure for me.. I love to read books.. And I don't mind spend much money for buying books..
• Beef.. I like beef..
• Beverly Hills.. I hope someday I will have my own house there.. lol =D
• Bandung is my place of birth and my hometown..
• Baby Day's Out is my favourite movie for my whole life.. It's so funny..

 

•  Christian.. I'm proud to be Christian.. I was born to be a Christian.. And I'm a radical Christian.. Charismatic is my Christian's genre..
• Christ.. I live my life in Christ alone..
• Christmas is a great moment..
• Church.. I go to church every Sunday of course.. 
• Charitable.. I'm a charitable person..
•  Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is my favourite movie.. It has its novel, too..
• Creative writing.. I'm good in creative writing.. I want to be a writer in my future..
• Demi Lovato is my favourite actress and singer..
• Change the world.. I believe someday I could change this world..
• Camel is a right animal to identify me.. Because I spend too much water everytime I drink.. 
• Cana.. I want to have my future wedding there.. It was the first place when Jesus did His first miracle..
• Climbing.. I loved climbing when I was little.. I climbed everything I could climb.. My mom cried out when I was about 2 or 3 because I climbed the window..
• Charles Dickens is my favourite author..
• Camp Rock one of my favourite Disney Original Movies..
• Cross.. I got cross for my weapon.. It's given by God.. My ex-principal said, "Cross means sorrows.. But through your sorrows, God uses you to defeat the evil's plans and works." I believe there's a power of the cross..
• Corbin Bleu.. This ambidextrous one.. His cool.. I like his voice when he sings.. I wished I were ambidextrous like him..
• Crocs is my favourite shoes brand.. It's comfort to use..
• Converse is my favourite sneakers..
• Country.. I love country music..
• Corazon.. I would give that name to my future son..

•  Danna Paola is my favourite Mexican singer and actress.. She had her role is some telenovelas like Maria Belen, Vivan Los Ninos, and Amy La Nina de la Mochila Azul..
• Dare to be different from this world is something I always keep strong.. It's my rule of life..
• Demi Lovato.. Pretty, talented, and good singer and actress..
• David Cook and David Archuleta are my favourites singers.. They were American Idol season 7 contestants.. David Cook is the 1st and Archuleta is the 2nd..
• Dangdut.. I hate Dangdut.. But sometimes I listen to it when I have a little depressed..
• Disney.. I love Disney so much.. The stars, the cartoons and its original movies..
• Detective.. I like read books about detective..
• Discipline.. I'm a girl with high of discipline..

•  Eunike is my first name.. I love that name.. That name means 'joy with victory'.. It's written on the Bible (2 Timothy  1:5)..
• Elegant?? It's me..
• Everything I Do I Do It For You by Bryan Adams is my lovely song.. The song is really touchable!
• Endless love.. God's love for me is endless. I believe it..
• Eldest.. I'm the eldest child of two siblings.. It's good to be the firstborn I think..
• Ecclesiastes 9:10 is one of my favourite verses of Bible.. It has written: "Whatever your hand finds to do, do it with all your might. For there is no work, nor plan, nor knowledge, nor wisdom in the grave where you go".. 
•  Evil?? No compromise for evil and sin..
• My dad's and my initial first name begin with E..
• Enid Blyton is my favourite author..
• English is not just a language or literature for me.. But English is my talent.. I've never studied English for exams, but I've used my feelings.. I've learned it much autodidact..
• Eliott Yamin is my favourite singer.. I like his Wait For You song..
• Emily Osment is my twin sister.. lol

 

•  Funny.. It's me..
• Friendship is important thing for me to keep.. It's not as easy as you think to keep your friendship always be true..
• France.. I want go there someday..
• Fabulous.. 'I'm fabulous' is my motto in my life..
• Faith.. I keep a big faith in Jesus..
• Family is important.. 
• Fish.. I love to eat fish.. I would be so greedy to eat fish..
• Frankie Jonas/Franklin Nathaniel Jonas, the youngest brother of Jonas Brothers.. He's cute.. 
• Fish.. I love to eat fish..

•  Glasses.. I can't stand live without my glasses.. I have minus 3.25 for my right eye and 2.50 for my left.. I really can't see clearly without my glasses.. But glasses is good for style too..
• Games.. I love playing games.. I'm a gamer.. I love The Sims, Game House, and UNO..
• Green is also my favourite colour..
• Good girl.. I'm a good girl of course..
• Glee is a good serial.. I love Glee.
• God is my strength to move on with my life.. I'm nothing without Him.. He's the president in my life..
• Green grass.. I like green grass yard.. It's all green and it makes my eyes fresh when I see green grass yard..
 

•  Hello Kitty is my favourite cartoon..
• Home Sweet Home.. That's how I call my house..
• Holiness. I always keep my holiness. Because God is holy and I should be holy like Him..
• High School Musical... I love it so much.. The stars, the drama, the story and the songs..
•  Hilary Duff is my favourite actress and singer.. I like her act in Lizzie McGuire, A Cinderella Story and Raise Your Voice..
• Google.. It's one of my favourite website.. I can search anything I need.. I can search every info I need for my school or else..
•  Hopes.. I live my life in hopes..
• Hannah Montana is my favourite Disney serial and original movies.. 
• Hillsong.. I love Hillsong..

•  Internet is important for me.. Because I always need information, latest news, connect with people, download anything and play games..
• Images.. I collect Jonas Brothers especially Joe's images for my cellphone..
• Indonesia is my country and Indonesian is my nationality.. My heart belongs to this country.. God 'cast' me to this country with a big plan to change this country to be better..
• "I can do all things through Christ who strenghtens me (Phillipians 4:13).. It's my memory verse and motto since I was about 5..

•  Jazz.. Umm, I like jazz..
• Jesus is the reason I live my life.. Jesus is my role model, my bestfriend, my loved ones, my great daddy.. He's the best I have..
• Jerks.. I hate jerks..
• Jokes.. I love playing jokes..
• Joe Jonas (Joseph Adam Jonas) is my biggest celebrity crush ever.. He's so handsome, funny, cute and multi-talented.. Oh, I love him.. I wished he were mine.. (lol)

• Jonas Brothers my favourite band.. I love them so much.. They are so talented, religious, handsome, nice.. I want to meet them..
• Justin Bieber.. Cute, talented, hot.. I like him..
• Jabez's Prayer (1 Chronicles 4:10), "May God would blessed you indeed, and enlarge your territory, that His hand would be with you, and that He would keep you from evil, that you may not cause pain.." 
• Joseph (the dreamer) is my favourite character on Bible..
• Joy.. Jesus is my source of joy..
• Jupiter is my favourite planet..
• Jesslyn is my childhood bestfriend.. lol
• Jonas the Disney serial.. Kevin Jonas, Joe Jonas, Nick Jonas, Chelsea Staub and Nicole Anderson.. Like it much.. 
• Joe is my favourite child or boy name.. I hope someday I would have a husband named Joe.. Or I would give that name to my son..

•  Kindness is important for me..
• King.. Jesus is the king of my heart.. 
• Knowledge is more important than beauty thing for me..
• Kevin Jonas is the best guitarist for me..
• Kliping is my favourite bag brand..

•  La Joli Femme was my high school gank.. The members were Bonidta, Melita, Rina and me..
• Los Angeles.. I want to go there.. haha
• Laughing.. I like laughing.. Laughing makes me health.. lol
• Leader.. I was born to be a leader.. It has proven.. I often be a leader of my teamwork in high school.. But to be a leader it's not so easy, you have to manage your team well, you have big responsibility for your team and without your realise you should have a heart of servant first then you will be a good leader..
• Listening music is my hobby..
• Leona Lewis and his Bleeding Love.. Love it..
• Lemony Snicket is my favourite writer..

• Mark Feehily is my 1st celebrity crush.. 
• Metro Station with Shake It.. I love that.
• Material Girls is the best performed of Hilary and Haylie Duff..
• Mitchel Musso.. Oh, this cool and funny guy.. I love him..
• Miley Cyrus is my favourite.. The talented, funny, beautiful and religious one..
• Marlita is my bff..
• Matilda is my favourite movie and novel.. I watch the movie and read the novel more than three times..
• Madre.. That's what I name my mom in my phonebook..
• Mahanaim.. I went to school there in my grade 9 and high school..
• Monopoli.. I love Monopoli so much..

• Natural.. I love being a natural girl..
• 'Nothing's Gonna Change My Love For You' is my favourite old love song.. It's touchable for me..
• Nobody's Perfect by Billy Ray Cyrus is genius. Right, nobody's perfect, I agree. But something that we could do to be reach the perfect one..
• Nexian D980 is my cellphone now.. It looks like Blackberry.. lol.. I love texting with this cellphone..
• 'Naturally' by Selena Gomez is my favourite song.. It's cool..
• Nanny 911 is my favourite TV Programme..
• Nick Jonas is smart, talented, a good songwriter and cool boy.. I love him and Nick Jonas & The Administration (NJATA)..

•  October is my mom's birthday..
• October 6.. Hmm, it's my parents wedding anniversary.. I never forget it and I always say 'happy wedding anniversary' early in the morning to my parents..
• On time.. I always try to be on time..

•  Professor.. To be a professor is something that I've always wanted.. It's my vision..
• Plan before do something is my habit.. It's good to see everything works as you plan for..
• Praise God.. I love to say that in everything Glod's have done in my life.. Bad or good that happens in my life I always praise God..
• Perfectionist.. It's me..
• Pure.. I'm still pure..
• Purity ring.. I wear purity ring.. The purity ring means 'sex after marriage' and 'believe in Jesus till the end of my life'..
• Papito.. That's how I name my dad in my phonebook..
• Pink is my favourite colour.. I'm pinkygirl.. I love pink so much.. My room is full of pink..
• Purple is also my favourite after pink..
• Pray is my breath of life.. I can't stand without praying.. Pray makes me strong to move on with my life.. Pray is beautiful moment to talk with God, chatting with Him what I feel that day.. Tell Him everything what I want to say.. It's cool..
• Playful.. I'm a playful girl..
• Playing games.. I love playing games..
• Pop.. I love pop music..
• Promise.. I always keep God's promises in my life..

•  Quotes.. I love inspirational quotes.. 

• Ririe.. It's my nickname..
• Riray or Ray is my nickname given by my bff..
• Reading novels is my hobby.. I love reading.. It's my number 1 hobby..
• Rachael Ray is my favourite show..
• Rina is my bestfriend..
• Raise Your Voice is my favourite movie.. It's cool..

•  Selena Gomez is my role model.. :)
• Sex after marriage.. I always keep this promise..
• Sherlock Holmes is my favourite movie.. It's funny..
• Storytelling.. I like storytelling.. I love to do a storytelling..
• Singing.. I love singing..
• Spanish.. I love that language.. It's cool..
• Serafina.. I would give that name to my future daughter..
• Sony Ericsson is my favourite cellphone brand..
• Skill is important for me..

•  Taylor Swift is sweet, talented, good artist.. This country girl is amazing.. Cool..
• Typing.. I'm good at typing.. I type fast enough..
• Ten Commandments.. I always try to obey it..
• Testimony.. I love to share testimony about my experience especially how good God in my life to others..
• Three is my favourite and lucky number..
• Time is money.. That's what I always hold for..
• Telenovela.. I have loved it since I was so young..

• U2.. I like U2, Bono is my favourite..
• UNO.. I love playing UNO..

•  Venus Williams is my favourite tennis player..

•  Westlife is the most favourite band I love.. I have been in love with Westlife for about 12 years.. I've always wanted them and forever will love them..
• Writing,, writing,, writing.. I love writing everything..

• X?? Hmm,, I don't know what to write for this letter..

•  Young,, forever young.. I have forever young soul..

• Zahra is my childhood bestfriend.. She's nice, kind, funny and great friend..

I love Selena Gomez! So much!

I love Selena Gomez.. She's my role model.. She's so cute, fashionable, and nice girl.. Her voice is cute and unique.. I like it.. I hope someday I'm gonna meet her..